1. 法国饮食文化的书
我知道西班牙的咖啡比起法国的来是又便宜又大杯~
2. 法国美食学
法国有三大美食分别是鹅肝、黑松露、鱼子酱 。
1、鹅肝(FoieGrasd’oie)
鹅肝含碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、胆固醇和铁、锌、铜、钾、磷、钠等矿物质,有补血养目之功效。这种脂肪肝质地细嫩、风味鲜美,被欧美人士尊为世界三大美味之首。鹅肥肝含脂肪40%—60%,相当于装饰蛋糕的奶油。法国著名的是料理鹅肝。
2、黑松露 (perigord truffle)
黑松露是一种真菌,价格昂贵,在法国被誉为“黑钻石”。食用黑松露一度成为身份的象征。松露特殊的香气让很多人为之着迷。
黑松露含有丰富的蛋白质、18种氨基酸(包括人体不能合成的8种必需氨基酸)、不饱和脂肪酸、多种维生素、锌、锰、铁、钙、磷、硒等必需微量元素,以及鞘脂类、脑苷脂、神经酰胺、三萜、雄性酮、腺苷、松露酸、甾醇、松露多糖、松露多肽等大量的代谢产物,具有极高的营养保健价值。
3、鱼子酱 (Caviar)
鱼子酱是皇室特供美食,在波斯语中意为鱼卵。狭义上,鱼子酱特指鲟鱼卵,一般认为产于接壤伊朗和俄罗斯里海的鱼子酱质量为佳,味道腥咸,色泽乌亮。。
鱼子酱有红鱼子酱和黑鱼子酱之分,颜色由淡灰到灰黑色泽都有。
3. 全法国最好吃的书
法国人阿罗纳克斯,一位博物学家,应邀赴美参加一项科学考察活动。其时,海上出了个怪物,在全世界闹得沸沸扬扬。科考活动结束之后,博物学家正准备束装就道,返回法国,却接到美国海军部的邀请,于是改弦更张,登上了一艘驱逐舰,参与“把那个怪物从海洋中清除出去 ”的活动。
经过千辛万苦,“怪物”未被清除,驱逐舰反被“怪物”重创,博物学家和他的仆人以及为清除“怪物”被特意请到驱逐舰上来的一名捕鲸手,都成了“怪物”的俘虏!“怪物”非他,原来是一艘尚不为世人所知的潜水艇,名“鹦鹉螺”号。
潜艇对俘虏倒也优待;只是,为了保守自己的秘密,潜艇艇长内莫从此。永远不许他们离开。阿罗纳克斯一行别无选择,只能跟着潜水艇周游各大洋。十个月之后,这三个人终于在极其险恶的情况下逃脱,博物学家才得以把这件海底秘密公诸于世。
在深不可测的大海深处,人们发现了一个幽灵般的“海怪”,它居然把硕大的斯科迪亚号客轮,撞出了一个整整齐齐的等腰三角形大洞。为探时“海怪”的秘密,著名学者职龙纳教授和他忠实的仆人孔塞尔参加了美国政府为搜寻“海怪”组织的远征军。
4. 法国美食百科全书
France has a long culinary tradition. French cuisine nowadays is a result of centuries of research, elaboration and perfection. The French are proud of their cuisine. It is an integral part of their culture. Thanks to the interest in the French for good food, the chefs have always been encouraged to elaborate new dishes to satisfy the most discriminating palate.The origins of the success of French cuisine can be attributed to Catherine de Medicis. When she became Queen of France in 1533, she brought her own Florentine chefs from Italy. At this time, Italian chefs were more experienced than French chefs. They introduced new dishes and sophisticated techniques that they adapted to French products. This gave French cooking a real boost, and the country's culinary influence has never stopped.French cuisine is sophisticated, varied, well balanced and based on local and high-quality products. France has established some regulations to protect product names from fraud, and guarantee the origin and product quality to the customer. To carry the prestigious label "Appélation d'Origine Contrôlée" (A.O.C), products must comply with strict rules related to geography, varieties, method of fabrication and other criteria.Unlike other countries, France does not have one national dish. Because each region has its own local products and specialties, it is more appropriate to name regional dishes than a single one. Here is a tour de France of the regional specialties:AlsaceAlsace cuisine is strong and unique. It plays a major part on holidays and at family gatherings. Alsatian cuisine is rich and copious. Most Alsatian dishes are not found in other parts of France. The most famous specialty is Chouchroute, sauerkraut garnished with potatoes and a variety of meats such as sausage, pork or ham. The Baeckaoffe is a one-of-a-kind Alsatian fare baked with white wine usually in a traditional pottery dish only made in the village of Soufflenheim. It's a stew comprised of pork, beef and lamb garnished with potatoes. There are many Alsatian cakes and desserts, but the best is the Kougelhopf, brioche pastry with butter, eggs, raisins, whole almonds marinated in kirsch. At Christmas, bredles and gingerbreads decorate the tables of all Alsatian families. Bredles are cookies of different shapes flavoured with anise, cinnamon or almond.BrittanyBrittany has excellent fresh seafood: Coquilles-St-Jacques (sea scallops), lobsters, langoustes, crabs, clams, shrimps, mussels, and oysters will all be found on the market stalls of Brittany. This region is also famous for traditional crêperies serving wheat crêpes and buckwheat galettes accompanied with cider. La Chandeleur, celebrated February 2nd, is the crêpes day in France. Eating crêpes the day of la Chandeleur will bring a year of happiness!BurgundyA trip to France would not be complete without sampling escargots and frog's legs. Burgundy snails are with the petis-gris snails, the two varieties eaten in France. Escargots à la Bourgignonne are stuffed with garlic butter. Frog's legs are sautéed in butter with fine herbs. The Boeuf Bouguignon is another typical Burgundy specialty. It's a beef stew marinated with Burgundy red wine. The best-known regional product is Mustard de Dijon, secretly produced in the town of Dijon. This strong mustard is used in vinaigrette, sauces and nicely compliments red meat.NormandyNormandy is renowned for the quality of its dairy products and apples. The region is home to the world-known Camembert cheese. Originally made more than 200 years ago in the lovely village of Camembert, genuine Camembert cheese is exclusively produced in Normandy. Apples also play an important part in the Norman cuisine. They are not only used in desserts, but in alcohol and liquors. The region is famous for cider and a strong apple brandy called Calvados. A mixture of Cider and Calvados, the Pommeau de Normandie is another regional beverage. In Normandy, it is tradition to drink a glass of Calvados in the middle of a meal to help digestion. This 200 century-old ritual is called Trou Normand. Nowadays, a Trou Normand is still served in the middle of a meal, but as an apple sorbet soaked with Calvados.ProvenceThe warm and sunny weather of Provence produces high-quality fruits and vegetables whose delicious scents can be spotted in the open markets of Southern France. The basic ingredients of Provençal cuisine are olive oil, garlic and herbes de Provence. Among the typical provençal dishes, Ratatouille is a vegetable stew made out of tomatoes, peppers, zucchinis, onions and olive oil and Salade Niçoise, comprised of lettuce, tomatoes, green beans, tuna, eggs, black olives and anchovies. As Provence is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, Provençal cuisine also revolves around fresh seafood. Marseille's specialty, la Bouillabaisse (seafood bouillon) and Anchoïade (sauce made of anchovies, olive oil, garlic) are two of the main Provençal specialties.Southwest FranceCuisine of Southwest France is made of produits du terroir. Truffles thrive in the Périgord region. Most popular are the Black Perigord Truffles, rare underground mushrooms known for a unique taste and aroma. Truffles are used in sauces, omelettes and numerous other recipes. The other local specialty of the Southwest is goose. Goose's liver is used to make foie gras, which is a traditional Christmas and New Year dish in France. The cities of Toulouse, Castelnaudary, Carcassonne are renown for their Cassoulet, stew made of sausage and white beans. The region is also home to one of the oldest cheeses, Roquefort. It has been produced in the village of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon for centuries.LyonLyon touts itself as the gastronomic capital of France. The city is home to several world renowned Grands Chefs including Paul Bocuse, Pierre Orsi, Léon de Lyon. Famous professional cooking schools like the Institut Vatel and Paul Bocuse School of Culinary Arts are based in Lyon. Streets are lined with a multitude of small family-run bistros called Bouchons Lyonnais, and these serve traditional Lyonaise food. Local specialities include Andouillette de Lyon (sausage made out of pork chitterlings and marinated with white wine), Quenelles (light dumpling made of fish), and Rosette de Lyon (dry sausage made from leg of pork). Lyon is also known for regional cheeses, such as Saint Marcellin, and locally made chocolates and candies, called Coussins de Lyon (marzipan sweets shaped and decorated like cushions).SavoySavoy features a traditional mountain cooking based on cheese and potatoes. Savoy's cheese-board includes, among others, Tomme de Savoie, Beaufort, Reblochon and Emmental de Savoie. One of the authentic Savoyard dishes is Tartiflette, a gratin of potatoes with reblonchon cheese, onions and bacon bits. Two Savoyard dishes have popularity extended far beyond the Alps: Fondue, half emmental, half beaufort cheese melt with Savoy white wine in a special saucepan and Raclette, raclette cheese melt in a special grill and served with potatoes, delicatessen products and pickles.CorsicaCorsica produces excellent cheese, meats and deli products known for their singular flavour. It is an unspoiled island where pigs, goats and ewes are raised freely. Dishes are prepared with spices exclusively found in the Corsican scrub. Cheese is still made by shepherds using ancestral ways. These factors, combined with a mild climate, produce unique and high-quality products. Many Corsican recipes are prepared with Bruccio, a fresh goat cheese that is only created here. It is used in omelettes, and with pastas, meats, fish or vegetables. Chestnuts are omnipresent in Corsican food. They are used in cakes, pies, donuts and custard tarts.As with all cooking, French cooking is considered an art. And as with any art form, it has roots in the past, but remains in a constant state of evolution. French chefs are always striving to maintain high-quality standards, while also demonstrating creativity.
5. 关于法国的书籍推荐
《蒙塔尤》
法国著名学者勒华拉杜里以历史学家的敏感和精细发现和利用了这些珍贵史料,并以现代史学,人类学和社会学方法再现了六百多年前该村居民的生活、思想、习俗的全貌和14世纪法国的特点。
个人觉得这本书虽然切入点较小,但是很有意思,值得一读。